Is it an add 9 or add 2 chord?

The terms “add9” and “add2” refer to chords that include an additional note added to a basic triad (which consists of a root, third, and fifth). The difference between these terms is subtle and often causes confusion, as they both involve adding the second degree of the scale to the chord. However, the distinction mainly lies in how these added notes are typically voiced (i.e., the octave in which the added note is played) and occasionally in terminology preferences that vary by musical context or tradition.

Add9 Chord

An “add9” chord includes the root, third, fifth, and the ninth note of the scale. The “9” implies that the chord spans more than one octave, with the added note being a whole step above the octave of the root note. This gives the chord a more spacious, colorful sound. The ninth is essentially the second note of the scale, but it’s played in the octave above the chord’s root, which is why it’s called a “9” instead of a “2”.

• Formula for Major Add9: 1 – 3 – 5 – 9
• Formula for Minor Add9: 1 – ♭3 – 5 – 9

Add2 Chord

An “add2” chord also includes the root, third, fifth, and the second note of the scale. The term “add2” suggests that the added note is in the same octave as the root, third, and fifth, making the chord sound more compact. The use of “add2” emphasizes the closeness of the added note to the root.

• Formula: 1 – 2 – 3 – 5

Key Differences

• Octave Positioning: The primary difference is in the octave of the added note. An “add9” typically has the added note in a higher octave, creating a fuller range of sound, while an “add2” has the added note in the same octave as the rest of the chord, leading to a tighter sound.
• Terminology and Usage: The choice between “add9” and “add2” can also reflect stylistic preferences or conventions in different musical contexts. “Add9” is more commonly used in descriptions of chords, especially in jazz, pop, and rock, because it reflects the extended harmony typical in these genres. “Add2” might be used more in classical or theoretical discussions where the precise voicing and interval relationships are emphasized.

In practice, musicians might use the terms interchangeably, and the choice of terminology often depends on the musical context, the specific voicing of the chord, or personal preference. The important aspect is the addition of the second scale degree to the triad, addin